În limba franceză
Enseignante en lycée et chargée de cours en histoire et sociologie de l’éducation à l’Université de Paris, Laurence De Cock est membre de la Ligue des droits de l’homme (groupe Droits de l’enfant) et assure une chronique régulière pour le Café pédagogique ainsi qu’une émission sur Là-bas si j’y suis, « Si j’aurais su ».
Personnellement, je perçois comme un oxymore existentiel le fait d’être à la fois historien (et sociologue) et militant : la neutralité du scientifique donnerait un militant amputé de l’ardeur parfaite, la ferveur du militant imposerait au scientifique d’accepter de faire un choix quant à la lumière sous laquelle il présenterait les faits et les personnages de l’Histoire. Comme j’avais apprécié le discours du Premier Ministre français de l’époque, je ne pus m’empêcher de chercher des opinions exprimées publiquement sur ce discours. J’admets que ma lecture du texte de Laurence De Cock fut maculée dès le début par le brin d’informations que je me suis procuré sur l’auteur avant de lire son texte.
Continuă lectura →Dan S. Stoica · Argumentum, 23 (1): 60-78, 2025
Nous avons sous nos yeux un livre dense et utile dans la vie des institutions média et des journalistes du Canada. « Cet ouvrage porte sur l’un des ensembles de normes qui régissent les activités des médias, à savoir les lois étatiques applicables au Québec » (p. XVI).
Je ne saurais éviter de me demander, en lisant un texte, quelle en est l’audience cible. Des fois, la réponse est là, sous mes yeux, car le titre est bien explicite : on a un traité de sémiotique (comme celui de Umberto Eco) ou d’argumentation (comme celui de Perelman), un manuel de savoir-vivre, des notes de lecture et j’en passe. Je crus, en lisant le titre, arriver facilement à comprendre quel aurait été le public ciblé par Pierre Trudel, mais la tâche s’avéra plus difficile que je ne pouvais l’imaginer.
Continuă lectura →Dan S. Stoica · Argumentum, 21 (2): 109-117, 2023
Classical logic proved to be not quite proper to describe natural phenomena. Understanding and explaining natural phenomena requires natural logic. This kind of logic was the most important construction Jean-Blaise Grize came up with. Then, he developed an instrument for the analysis and description of the discursive activity, the discursive schematization (schématisation discursive), which proved to be infallible in all sorts of situations. To achieve this, Grize went deep, to Aristotle’s Antiquity. All logicians do this. But he went aside, too, widening his horizon and seeking foundation in humanities and social sciences. This is what the present study is trying to bring to readers’ attention.
Continuă lectura →Dan S. Stoica · Argumentum, 12 (2): 55-68, 2014
Surprendre la façon dont notre cerveau fonctionne, c’est le grand projet, le grand objectif de nombreuses sciences, parmi lesquelles la logique. Ce qui est caractéristique pour la logique, mais aussi pour d’autres sciences du domaine de la cognition, c’est qu’elles essaient de comprendre et de représenter le fonctionnement de la pensée humaine d’après les produits de celle-ci, les discours. On a donc, dans la logique (vue comme science interprétative de l’activité de penser), des explications sur la façon dont le cerveau rend dans le discours ce qu’il aura interprété de l’univers environnant. C’est en fait ce dont on va lire dans le dernier ouvrage signé Constantin Sălăvăstru : Logique, argumentation, interprétation, paru chez l’Harmattan, en 2007.
Continuă lectura →Dan S. Stoica · recenzie
Être au courant des recherches de Michel Meyer peut aider à comprendre, d’abord le titre de l’ouvrage, sous sa forme de question, et aussi le point de vue proposé par le contenu. C’est parce que l’approche de Meyer sur la logique de la discursivité – en sciences ou dans la philosophie de la Science – a pour concept central le questionnement. C’est logique, c’est facile à comprendre et c’est purement séduisant, tellement cela sert à pénétrer les domaines les plus divers, pour en comprendre l’essence. …
Continuă lectura →Dan S. Stoica · recenzie · text integral pe acest site
Comme il allait le dire dans la section finale du livre, appelée Bilan, Constantin Sălăvăstru fut séduit par la problématologie longtemps avant la construction du présent ouvrage. C’était dans la deuxième moitié des années ’90, lorsque l’auteur de l’essai que nous avons choisi de présenter ici faisait ses premières lectures de grammatologie et de problématologie. Derrida, pour la grammatologie, et Michel Meyer, pour la problématologie, semblaient satisfaire le logicien de Iași, aussi bien par la perspective qu’ils proposaient que par les possibilités qu’ils ouvraient au chercheur toujours en quête de schémas capables de rendre compte de discours des plus divers champs de la création humaine, allant de la Science jusqu’à la philosophie et de la littérature jusqu’à la politique.
Continuă lectura →Dan S. Stoica · Cahiers de psychologie politique, nr. 20
Les termes employés pour s’exprimer et pour communiquer entre les spécialistes en astronomie, astronautique, chimie, mais aussi en philologie et mathématiques, par exemple, ne font l’objet que de certains cercles de professionnels et peut-être aussi des professionnels des zones de contact. Des mots du roumain correspondant, par exemple, aux mots français [périgée], [flysch], [carbogène], [proparoxyton] ou [cosinus] sont fréquemment présents dans les exégèses des spécialistes de ces territoires du savoir et c’est très peu d’éléments de ces familles “exotiques” qui pénètrent le langage commun, à travers les médias et l’éducation scolaire, surtout. Certes, il n’est pas question de voir les choses sans réserve : des évènements ou des applications de toutes sortes donnent à ce type de lexèmes la chance d’être connus dans des cercles plus larges de locuteurs. Une éclipse de soleil nous laisse comprendre la signification primaire du syntagme cône d’ombre ; des films (du genre horror !) où l’on voit des reptiles géants ont facilité l’apparition dans le discours public du terme technique mésozoïque, alors que les viticulteurs profitent de la réaction à base de métabisulfite.
Continuă lectura →Stelian Dumistrăcel, Dan S. Stoica, Irina Dumistrăcel · Buletin științific nr. 8/2011, Editura ASE, București, 2013, pp. 392-411
Motto : La politesse c’est ce que je crois que tu crois que je crois de toi. — Petre Botezatu
Résumé : Il s’agit d’une tentative de mettre au point un modèle global sémiotique de la communication. Nos efforts de ce sens partent de la lecture d’un article de Semiotica où l’on parlait justement d’un modèle global de la communication, après un passage en revue de plusieurs modèles, de celui de Saussure ou celui de Jakobson, jusqu’aux plus récents. Comme la construction finale ne nous satisfaisait pas, nous nous sommes appliqué à trouver ce qui ne marchait pas, et c’est plutôt de là que notre modèle est né. Partant du principe que la communication est une activité dynamique et continue, notre modèle essaye de concentrer les conditions générales de chaque instance de communication, aussi bien que ce qui compte dans l’intercompréhension par voie discursive. Sont pris en considération l’environnement socio-culturel (qui détermine les topoi entrant en jeu, les représentations et les méta-représentations que les interlocuteurs sont supçonnés d’avoir l’un de l’autre — et non seulement !), les types de relations imaginables et possibles dans l’univers où a lieu l’intervention discursive, l’intertexte culturel personnel de chaque participant à l’interlocution et l’intertexte culturel partagé, le rôle du feedback et des réponses, l’apport du non-verbal, etc.
Continuă lectura →Dan S. Stoica · Faculté des Lettres, Université „Al. I. Cuza”, Iași
Au milieu de la communauté des scientifiques, chacun est, à tour de rôle, créateur et consommateur d’information nouvelle. Mais, comme ce serait une erreur de la considérer homogène, il faut admettre que cette communauté se confronte à des problèmes issus de l’intérieur.
La plupart de ces problèmes tiennent à la qualité et à la fiabilité des découvertes scientifiques et, implicitement, au besoin de réduire les parasites dans la circulation des valeurs véritables de la Science.
Continuă lectura →Dan S. Stoica · NOESIS, Editura Academiei Române, XXVI, 2001
La source de ce qui va suivre remonte dans un passé assez lointain. Il y a une quinzaine d’années, je me suis copieusement amusé avec la lecture d’un article paru dans un journal pour les matheux. Un Américain plein d’humour présentait la façon dont on peut se retrouver vivre un cauchemar si l’on cède à l’approche d’un trisectionneur et que l’on accepte d’analyser sa démonstration. En bref, un trisectionneur est un mathématicien qui croit dur comme fer qu’on peut diviser un angle en trois parties égales en ne se servant que d’une règle et d’un compas — et qui est obsédé par l’idée qu’il peut le prouver. La communauté des mathématiciens est fixée quant à cela : c’est impossible.
Le scénario est le suivant : en tant que mathématicien aimable, tu reçois ton confrère, tu acceptes de vérifier sa démonstration ; ce faisant, tu découvres le pépin qui rend nulle la construction, tu le lui signales et tu penses revenir à la vie paisible d’avant. Tu te trompes ! Le trisectionneur reviendra après un certain temps avec une nouvelle version : l’erreur découverte sera bien réparée, mais il y aura une autre “inadvertance” glissée dans la construction.
Continuă lectura →Dan S. Stoica · în Méthodologie de l’apprentissage de la recherche universitaire, Editura Didactica și Pedagogica, București, 2010, pp. 139-148
Il n’y a pas de recherche en dehors de la profonde connaissance de ce qui est convention dans le domaine en question et il n’y a pas de recherche sans imagination créatrice.
Et puis, il n’y a pas de chance d’obtenir le consensus (qui fonde toute science) en dehors d’une hygiène terminologique bien respectée. C’est de ces trois fondamentaux de la recherche que nous avons choisi de nous occuper dans cette étude.
Continuă lectura →Dan S. Stoica · în La méthodologie de la recherche scientifique, București, Ars Docendi, 2010, pp. 17-31
Entamer une recherche présuppose non seulement l’existence d’une intuition scientifique que l’on pourrait circonscrire dans un domaine d’étude, mais aussi un trajet à parcourir et des instruments à utiliser, bref une méthodologie à employer.
Or, plus le domaine est vaste et difficile à définir et à dominer, plus la méthodologie à employer devrait être mieux définie et choisie de telle sorte qu’elle offre la possibilité d’une démarche bien structurée, limpide et facile à suivre.
Continuă lectura →Dan S. Stoica · NOESIS, Editura Academiei Române, 2000, pp. 129-147
În limba engleză
Walking recently, again, among the ruins of the Histria fortress, I had a revelation: I was stepping on pottery shards, on small fragments of former pots, of former objects of current use or decoration, on remains still unstructured in stories about life of the fortress more than two thousand years ago. In the Histria museum, I had seen some such remains brought to the story telling, recalled to reconstruct the objects of which they had been a part of so long ago. From the huge puzzle whose pieces are scattered and mixed all over those places by the lake, well-trained and also full of imagination people have carefully reconstructed objects that tell the story of the lives of those who lived there long time ago. Keeping in the palm of my hand a ceramic shard, taken practically from under my own soles, I felt once again the urgency of contributing to the broadening the meaning of the term nonverbal in communication sciences.
Continuă lectura →Dan S. Stoica · Argumentum, 22 (1): 88-117, 2024
The basic dualism, inscribed in the depths of our ego and which is the foundation of knowledge (and especially of Science), is the one between the self and the rest. We learn from the American mathematician and philosopher Robert Rosen (Rosen 1991) that we have the consciousness of the self through a kind of immediate apprehension and a certainty of knowledge that leaves no room for skepticism. When Descartes says “cogito”, the whole spectrum of his mental activity is found in this expression: perception, cognition, ideation, will, imagination, and capacity for action. But this self-knowledge is subjective. We cannot have the experience of this knowledge the same way we have the experience of anything else, but we can still talk about it, we can describe it. We belong to our self, we are one with it, with our perceptions, with our thoughts, with our ideas, with our imagination.
Continuă lectura →Dan S. Stoica · Argumentum, 19 (2): 147-172, 2021
It’s been a while since Saussure was revisited explicitly, so I decided to have once again a look at his Course, just to verify – again! – that one cannot go far away from his ideas if working in linguistics and/or in related domains. This time, it is about the object of linguistics and the strict protection of it. Using natural language in verbal communication is – from a linguistic perspective – making use of a historical language as means of communication by actual human beings in an actual context with a purpose. In Saussure’s words, this comes down to the actualization of the social part of the language (the historical language, Saussure’s LANGUE) in a particular event (Saussure’s PAROLE) consisting of the concrete uttering of a linguistic segment (cf. Saussure 1922). In the present paper the French terminology will be used, as it cannot be well enough equivalated with English terms. So we shall have LANGUE and PAROLE as constituents of the LANGAGE.
Continuă lectura →Dan S. Stoica · Argumentum, 16 (1): 21-34, 2018
It is known that there are spheres of human life and areas of human activity so complex in nature that they inherently become, on the one hand, absolutely exceptional, and, on the other hand, impossible to seize in any global model: we lack data, we cannot corroborate data extrapolated from the analysis of the various perspectives meant to observe the objects in question but above all things we cannot count on the faithful repetition of the events specific to these spheres and areas. I include in this category the spheres related to both natural and social phenomena, to human thinking, and, finally, to the language activity, deeply embedded in thinking and also seen as central to any instance of communication in our world, namely the world of the living.
Continuă lectura →Dan S. Stoica · „Al. I. Cuza” University of Iași
There are many ways people use some established wooden language and this differentiate them when they are targeted by manipulative discourses. Some people would be genuinely politically correct and use the speech code with all their heart. Those ones can be manipulated by the bias of targeted discourses in the given wooden language. Some other people would not believe that wooden languages could be used in real communication. Part of these later ones would fake using the established wooden language in their group or society, part of them would overtly refuse to use such a language, while some of them would use the wooden language in an ironic key, to rally human or social shortcomings. Counting apart the first category, all these kinds of people would escape any manipulation attempt.
Continuă lectura →Dan S. Stoica · Argumentum, 14 (1): 102-120, 2016
Everywhere in the world, societies – acting as communities – set up institutions or just use already existing ones, leading to their own reproduction. This reality relies on the use of language, which not only influence people, but also socio-culturally shapes their minds. This paper has the goal of discussing mind formatting institutions that smoothly “manipulate” people into being “good citizens”, from their early ages to the end of their lives, thanks to language, understanding manipulation as a amoral tool.
Continuă lectura →Dan S. Stoica · TrajEthos, 4 (1): 91-109, 2015
Traditionally, the term “manipulation” is used in a morally depreciative sense, as a pejorative expression. The present paper tries to propose another view on manipulation as action and thus another perception of the linguistic term. For this, we will leave the territory of moral distinctions (good vs. bad, moral vs. immoral) and go camp in the territory of adequacy, a territory of instruments and their efficiency in usage (the distinction will be good vs. bad, in the sense of the appropriateness and efficiency of the chosen instrument in performing some particular action).
Taken as such, the manipulation is no longer viewed as moral or immoral, but simply as amoral. In contrast with that, manipulation will be discussed under the opposition good vs. bad in terms of the pragmatics of the action. We will then accept that there can be morally good manipulation, which also means that an expression like “bad manipulation” is not a pleonasm, but a way to refer to manipulation that didn’t produce the expected effect.
Continuă lectura →Dan Stoica · Argumentum, 12 (1)
The paper presents a study on a typology of civic identities of public contributors of online articles on forums and their possibilities of automatic identification. We analyse the dialogic means and exploration of automatic extraction of features from forum utterances.
The research suggests new perspectives for defining types of online commentators of public discourses addressing domains such as politics, arts, education, etc. In the investigation we apply some pragmalinguistics approaches on communication, mainly taken from polyphony and enunciation areas.
Continuă lectura →Daniela Gîfu, Dan Stoica, Dan Cristea · ConsILR-2013, Miclăușeni, jud. Iași, mai 2013
Studying discourses seems to be an endless occupation, mostly because of the different approaches to the concept of ‘discourse’, but also because of the ever changing media and contexts where discourses take place. Our attention has always been drawn to the idea that discourses are social interactions which leave traces in our lives.
Continuă lectura →Dan S. Stoica · Facultatea de Litere, Dept. de Jurnalism și Științele Comunicării
Abstract: The text deals with clichés, in the sense of phrases everybody uses just because they are in fashion. The difference between phrase and enunciation, between text and discourse is the foundation of the claim made in this study. A phrase – any phrase – can have a semantic of its own and this makes it worth using in some contexts. In other words, the phrases get meanings in context. But the changing of contexts could make a perfectly acceptable phrase become not so acceptable. Or, contexts evolve and resuming former truth can have the most unexpected results. Some notorious phrases are discussed and proven out of date or simply inadequate. On the other hand, a well known phrase is saluted as happily enriched with a meaning which got lost over the years. When it comes to using phrases, we have discourses, and the meaning of any discourse is contextual. Clichés don’t work well all the time.
Keywords: context sensitive meaning, phrase vs. enunciation, text vs. discourse, clichés
Continuă lectura →Dan S. Stoica · Argumentum, vol. 11, issue 1/2013
Abstract: In any book on Communication we find rules or even maxims, guiding us in being efficient. The idea of this text is that there is no rule in communication. There can be just one acceptable principle and it says: “Be appropriate!”. People have to do what they have to do in different situations, in different contexts, in order to get their intentions through. A good starting point could be the phrase of Ivan Preston: Meanings are in people, not in messages. From there, all one needs is wisdom, and our approach is not more encouraging on defining that then defining appropriateness.
Keywords: appropriateness, wisdom, rules in communication.
Continuă lectura →Dan S. Stoica · Argumentum, vol. 10, issue 2/2012
Any result of a discursive activity can be analyzed from at least two distinct perspectives: a logical one (aiming to establish the correctness of the thoughts, and the way each thought is related with the next one, in a clear, easy to follow judgement); a semiotic perspective would offer the possibility to understand the way the utterer has used the linguistic material (as signs, in communication), in order to reach the goal s/he is after, taking into account the relations between the signs and their users, as well as the interaction between the participants to the argument. In the present paper, we intend to stress out the logical perspective.
Continuă lectura →Constantin Sălăvăstru, Dan Stoica · Universitatea „Al. I. Cuza”, Iași
Motto: “The unspeakability of nature is the very possibility of language.” — James P. Carse
The act of speech involves the operation of discursive schematisation destined to influence the interlocutor, to make him or her accept and adopt new ideas and attitudes which are programmed by the initiator of the speech act, who wants his or her interlocutor to act in a certain way. When you speak, you want the other to believe you. In order to believe, one has to understand. So, the speaker should make sure that the hearer has the best of chances to get to the message contained in a speech act.
Continuă lectura →Dan S. Stoica · Facultatea de Litere, UAIC Iași
Head hunters from Western Europe came to lure physicians from Romania to go work in their respective countries. More than 6,000 Romanian physicians accepted the invitation, and are now preparing their departure to France, Great Britain, Germany and so on. Before that, other head hunters came to lure high school graduate to be in order to make them want to go to college in western universities.
A question arises: how is it possible to have interesting products while everybody seems to deny your quality as an institution? How come much blamed Romanian high schools can produce youngsters that could be interesting for colleges like those in Oxford, or for universities like the one in Vienna?! Then, how come much blamed Romanian high education in medicine can produce interesting physicians for western countries (at their standards, I mean)?!
Continuă lectura →Dan S. Stoica · Facultatea de Litere, UAIC Iași
It seems that, in more recent years, there have been fewer and fewer cases in which political correctness (with its wooden language) has been accepted and taken seriously. More often than not, wooden language remains an instrument for ironists and is used for satirical purposes.
Therefore, better knowledge of the possibilities of language and good knowledge of the audience are necessary. Only within a context of communication in which both journalists and their readers are smarter than „theirs”, can wooden language be used for rallying and laughing at dogmatists of any kind.
Continuă lectura →Dan S. Stoica · Revista Transilvană de Științe ale Comunicării, nr. 5/2007, pp. 60-64
One of the domains that a PR structure permanently keeps under its observation is human resources management. Just like in the case of other activities within the organisation – management, internal communication, etc. – observation or, better said monitoring the human resources management activity is carried out in order to avoid discursive side-slips, side-slips that can affect, even severely, the relation between the organisation and its various publics.
Continuă lectura →Dan S. Stoica · UPB DPPD, București, Politehnica Press, 2009, vol. 2, pp. 289-299
By the nature of the strategic vision on which the academic construction I belong to is founded, the person teaching Public Relations is situated somewhere on the border, between the orientation towards the “privileged” profession – the journalism – and the orientation towards the profession belonging to the journalists’ incontrovertible partners, the PR. This strategy allows the graduate choosing a career in the field of journalism to understand who the privileged partner, the PR person, is, wants and how this one “operates”; this strategy also provides the person choosing a career in PR with important knowledge on his/her privileged partner, the journalist.
Continuă lectura →Dan S. Stoica · în PR Trend: Society and communication, Mittweida, 2009, pp. 103-112
